The pineapple lineage are transitioned from C3 photosynthesis to CAM (online version of the paper) with CAM-related genes exhibiting a diel expression pattern in photosynthetic tissues. Pineapple CAM photosynthesis evolved by the reconfiguration of pathways in C3 plants, through the regulatory neofunctionalization of preexisting genes. you can obtain the detail information from the following.


Evolution of the CAM pathway in pineapple.
The number of putative carbon fixation genes in pineapple, orchid, rice and maize
Gene Pineapple Orchid Rice Maize
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) 9 15 16 16
Phosphoenolpyrvuate carboxylase (PEPC) 3 2 7 6
Phosphoenolpyrvuate carboxylase-related kinase 2 2 2 2
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase (PEPCK) 1 1 2 3
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) 14 5 9 13
Malic enzyme (ME) 5 5 7 8
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PPCK) 2 2 3 6
Pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK) 1 1 2 2
Pyruvate phosphate dikinase regulatory protein 1 1 1 1
Download list of all putative pineapple CAM-related carbon fixation genes.